In that article, it is mentioned that "Note: do not attach to VHDs on the same system on which you created them if you plan on booting from them. If you do so, Windows will assign the VHD a new disk signature to avoid a collision with the signature of the VHD’s source disk. Windows references disks in the boot configuration database (BCD) by disk signature, so when that happens Windows booted in a VM will fail to locate the boot disk."
Yes, you can attach VHDs onto the same system on which you created them and boot from them.
Follow the steps:
1. download EASEUS TODO BACKUP or any other backup softwares;
2. make a backup of the system partition of the currently-running system (usually it is C:\ drive);
3. create a blank vhd (this vhd will carry a different disk signature);
4. restore that backup to the vhd just created;
5. now have that vhd boot ... it works!

